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The GNU Project was launched in 1984 to develop a complete Unix-like operating system which is free software: the GNU system. Variants of the GNU operating system, which use the kernel called Linux, are now widely used; though these systems are often referred to as “Linux”, they are more accurately called GNU/Linux systems.

The Linux kernel provides the basic services and device drivers used by all other programs running on a Linux OS system.

The Apache HTTP Server Project is an effort to develop and maintain an open-source HTTP server for modern operating systems including UNIX and Windows NT. The goal of this project is to provide a secure, efficient and extensible server that provides HTTP services in sync with the current HTTP standards. Apache has been the most popular web server on the Internet since April 1996. The Apache HTTP Server is a project of the Apache Software Foundation.

MySQL AB develops and markets a family of high performance, affordable database servers and tools. MySQL is a key part of LAMP (Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP / Perl / Python), a fast growing open source enterprise software stack. MySQL 5.0 Database Server is the flagship product of MySQL.

PHP is a widely-used general-purpose scripting language that is especially suited for Web development and can be embedded into HTML. uch of its syntax is borrowed from C, Java and Perl with a couple of unique PHP-specific features thrown in. The goal of the language is to allow web developers to write dynamically generated pages quickly. As of April 2007 20,016,421 domains, 1,208,663 IP addresses are using PHP. PHP stands for PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor.